PCAPLA 2019 Conference Schedule of Presentations
Updated 5/29/2019
Wednesday, June 5, 2019 – Lewis & Clark Law School, Portland, OR
11:00 am – 12:00 pm
Concurrent Session I: New Pre-Law Advisor Training, Part 1
This workshop is designed for new pre-law advisors and will cover the fundamentals of pre-law advising, including: an overview of the admissions process, application components and timeline, LSAT preparation considerations, and LSAC pre-law advisor accounts and resources, among other topics. Part I.
Presenters: Alexis Elston, Assistant Director of Admission, University of California Davis School of Law; Hong Tran Escobar, Law School Admissions Coach, University of Texas-Austin; and William Curtis, Professor and Chair of Political Science and Pre-Law Advisor, University of Portland
Concurrent Session II: More Experienced Pre-Law Advisor Training, Part 1
In recent years, applicants have been presented with more innovative pathways to a career in law than the traditional three-year, full-time J.D. degree. For example, there are more and more dual-degree programs joining law with fields like business or policy, and distance education is being utilized to convene virtual classrooms across great distances. Alternative degree and non-degree programs are on the rise, with more MSL and certificate programs being offered every year. The first part of our discussion will focus on these developments and what questions pre-law advisors might ask to best counsel prospective applicants interested in alternative pathways. In the second half of our presentation, we will pivot and discuss two specific aspects of advising. Using real examples as a starting point for discussion, we will examine the role that letters of recommendation play in the law school application, as well as the components of a strong letter and strategies for how to procure one. We will also explore advice for applicants about taking the LSAT in light of the upcoming changes to the testing schedule and writing portion of the test.
Presenters: Joe Schneider, Director of Admission and Outreach, University of California Davis School of Law, Mimi Huang, Assistant Dean of Admissions, Lewis & Clark University Law School; and Annemarie Scott, Law Admissions and Financial Aid Counselor, Santa Clara University School of Law
1:15 pm – 2:45 pm
Concurrent Session I: New Pre-Law Advisor Training, Part 2
This workshop is designed for new pre-law advisors and will cover the fundamentals of pre-law advising, including: an overview of the admissions process, application components and timeline, LSAT preparation considerations, and LSAC pre-law advisor accounts and resources, among other topics. Part II.
Presenters: Alexis Elston, Assistant Director of Admission, University of California Davis School of Law; Hong Tran Escobar, Law School Admissions Coach, University of Texas- Austin; and William Curtis, Professor and Chair of Political Science and Pre-Law Advisor, University of Portland
Concurrent Session II: More Experienced Pre-Law Advisor Training, Part 2
In recent years, applicants have been presented with more innovative pathways to a career in law than the traditional three-year, full-time J.D. degree. For example, there are more and more dual-degree programs joining law with fields like business or policy, and distance education is being utilized to convene virtual classrooms across great distances. Alternative degree and non-degree programs are on the rise, with more MSL and certificate programs being offered every year. The first part of our discussion will focus on these developments and what questions pre-law advisors might ask to best counsel prospective applicants interested in alternative pathways. In the second half of our presentation, we will pivot and discuss two specific aspects of advising. Using real examples as a starting point for discussion, we will examine the role that letters of recommendation play in the law school application, as well as the components of a strong letter and strategies for how to procure one. We will also explore advice for applicants about taking the LSAT in light of the upcoming changes to the testing schedule and writing portion of the test.
Presenters: Joe Schneider, Director of Admission and Outreach, University of California Davis School of Law, Mimi Huang, Assistant Dean of Admissions, Lewis & Clark University Law School; and Annemarie Scott, Law Admissions and Financial Aid Counselor, Santa Clara University School of Law
Concurrent Session III: Law School Rep Training: Integration of Next Gen of ACES
In this session we will demonstrate various capabilities of the new system as well as share information on the plan to transition schools from ACES² to the Next Generation of ACES.
Presenter: Colby Carter, Law School Admission Council Ambassador
3:00 pm – 4:15 pm
Plenary Session: LSAC Report and Update
This session will cover the most recent updates from the Law School Admission Council and include a review of the current test taking, application, and enrollment trends based on the most recent admission cycle data.
Presenters: Kellye Testy, President and Chief Executive Officer, Law School Admission Council; Lily Knezevich, Senior Vice President for Learning and Assessment, Law School Admission Council; and Vivian Bowden, Senior Vice President for Schools and Institutions, Law School Admission Council
4:30 pm – 5:30 pm
Plenary Session: The Law, Diversity & Justice Program: Over 20 Years of Success
In 1991, Fairhaven College at Western Washington University developed a program to enhance admission to and success in law school for individuals from underrepresented groups, including non-traditional students. Julie A. Helling has taught in the Law, Diversity & Justice Program (LDJ) for 19 years. Attorney Ceci Lopez graduated from LDJ, then graduated with a J.D. from the University of Washington and with an LL.M. in Taxation. She currently serves as the Director of the Center for Law, Diversity & Justice at Fairhaven College of Interdisciplinary Studies, Western Washington University. Together these two professors will share their experience on what makes a good pipeline program, how success should be measured, and challenges, including lack of money for undocumented students and students who have criminal records.
Presenters: Julie Helling, Associate Professor, Law, Diversity & Justice, Fairhaven College of Interdisciplinary Studies, Western Washington University and Ceci Lopez, Director, Center for Law, Diversity, and Justice, Fairhaven College of Interdisciplinary Studies, Western Washington University
Concurrent Session I: New Pre-Law Advisor Training, Part 1
This workshop is designed for new pre-law advisors and will cover the fundamentals of pre-law advising, including: an overview of the admissions process, application components and timeline, LSAT preparation considerations, and LSAC pre-law advisor accounts and resources, among other topics. Part I.
Presenters: Alexis Elston, Assistant Director of Admission, University of California Davis School of Law; Hong Tran Escobar, Law School Admissions Coach, University of Texas-Austin; and William Curtis, Professor and Chair of Political Science and Pre-Law Advisor, University of Portland
Concurrent Session II: More Experienced Pre-Law Advisor Training, Part 1
In recent years, applicants have been presented with more innovative pathways to a career in law than the traditional three-year, full-time J.D. degree. For example, there are more and more dual-degree programs joining law with fields like business or policy, and distance education is being utilized to convene virtual classrooms across great distances. Alternative degree and non-degree programs are on the rise, with more MSL and certificate programs being offered every year. The first part of our discussion will focus on these developments and what questions pre-law advisors might ask to best counsel prospective applicants interested in alternative pathways. In the second half of our presentation, we will pivot and discuss two specific aspects of advising. Using real examples as a starting point for discussion, we will examine the role that letters of recommendation play in the law school application, as well as the components of a strong letter and strategies for how to procure one. We will also explore advice for applicants about taking the LSAT in light of the upcoming changes to the testing schedule and writing portion of the test.
Presenters: Joe Schneider, Director of Admission and Outreach, University of California Davis School of Law, Mimi Huang, Assistant Dean of Admissions, Lewis & Clark University Law School; and Annemarie Scott, Law Admissions and Financial Aid Counselor, Santa Clara University School of Law
1:15 pm – 2:45 pm
Concurrent Session I: New Pre-Law Advisor Training, Part 2
This workshop is designed for new pre-law advisors and will cover the fundamentals of pre-law advising, including: an overview of the admissions process, application components and timeline, LSAT preparation considerations, and LSAC pre-law advisor accounts and resources, among other topics. Part II.
Presenters: Alexis Elston, Assistant Director of Admission, University of California Davis School of Law; Hong Tran Escobar, Law School Admissions Coach, University of Texas- Austin; and William Curtis, Professor and Chair of Political Science and Pre-Law Advisor, University of Portland
Concurrent Session II: More Experienced Pre-Law Advisor Training, Part 2
In recent years, applicants have been presented with more innovative pathways to a career in law than the traditional three-year, full-time J.D. degree. For example, there are more and more dual-degree programs joining law with fields like business or policy, and distance education is being utilized to convene virtual classrooms across great distances. Alternative degree and non-degree programs are on the rise, with more MSL and certificate programs being offered every year. The first part of our discussion will focus on these developments and what questions pre-law advisors might ask to best counsel prospective applicants interested in alternative pathways. In the second half of our presentation, we will pivot and discuss two specific aspects of advising. Using real examples as a starting point for discussion, we will examine the role that letters of recommendation play in the law school application, as well as the components of a strong letter and strategies for how to procure one. We will also explore advice for applicants about taking the LSAT in light of the upcoming changes to the testing schedule and writing portion of the test.
Presenters: Joe Schneider, Director of Admission and Outreach, University of California Davis School of Law, Mimi Huang, Assistant Dean of Admissions, Lewis & Clark University Law School; and Annemarie Scott, Law Admissions and Financial Aid Counselor, Santa Clara University School of Law
Concurrent Session III: Law School Rep Training: Integration of Next Gen of ACES
In this session we will demonstrate various capabilities of the new system as well as share information on the plan to transition schools from ACES² to the Next Generation of ACES.
Presenter: Colby Carter, Law School Admission Council Ambassador
3:00 pm – 4:15 pm
Plenary Session: LSAC Report and Update
This session will cover the most recent updates from the Law School Admission Council and include a review of the current test taking, application, and enrollment trends based on the most recent admission cycle data.
Presenters: Kellye Testy, President and Chief Executive Officer, Law School Admission Council; Lily Knezevich, Senior Vice President for Learning and Assessment, Law School Admission Council; and Vivian Bowden, Senior Vice President for Schools and Institutions, Law School Admission Council
4:30 pm – 5:30 pm
Plenary Session: The Law, Diversity & Justice Program: Over 20 Years of Success
In 1991, Fairhaven College at Western Washington University developed a program to enhance admission to and success in law school for individuals from underrepresented groups, including non-traditional students. Julie A. Helling has taught in the Law, Diversity & Justice Program (LDJ) for 19 years. Attorney Ceci Lopez graduated from LDJ, then graduated with a J.D. from the University of Washington and with an LL.M. in Taxation. She currently serves as the Director of the Center for Law, Diversity & Justice at Fairhaven College of Interdisciplinary Studies, Western Washington University. Together these two professors will share their experience on what makes a good pipeline program, how success should be measured, and challenges, including lack of money for undocumented students and students who have criminal records.
Presenters: Julie Helling, Associate Professor, Law, Diversity & Justice, Fairhaven College of Interdisciplinary Studies, Western Washington University and Ceci Lopez, Director, Center for Law, Diversity, and Justice, Fairhaven College of Interdisciplinary Studies, Western Washington University
Thursday, June 6, 2019 – University of Oregon School of Law, Eugene, OR
11:15 am – 12:15 pm
Plenary Session: Pathways to Law School for Native American Applicants
In this session, we will identify some of the paths that Native American/American Indian/Indigenous pre-law students and college graduates may take to - and through - the law school admissions process. We will briefly look at the current state of the pipeline for Native students into law school and consider particular distinctions in how these individuals may arrive at their decision to apply to law school. Next, we will explore strategies that advisors might use to engage/encourage those considering law school and assist them in crafting the strongest possible application. Finally, we will highlight existing programs that pre-law advisors or law admissions professionals may direct prospective Native American/American Indian/Indigenous applicants towards for more information and support.
Presenter: Kristin Theis-Alvarez, Assistant Dean, Admissions and Financial Aid, University of California, Berkeley School of Law
1:30 pm – 2:30 pm
Concurrent Session I: Getting the Know the GRE® General Test
As the legal community innovates their admissions processes and more law schools accept GRE® scores to meet their evolving needs, pre-law students need guidance on how they can leverage their GRE scores and gain access to legal education. This session will help advance the understanding of the GRE General Test and how GRE scores are being used for law school admissions to foster diverse backgrounds to improve the legal profession. The discussion will review what the test measures, resources available to advise students, and the tools available for potential candidates to prepare for the GRE General Test.
Presenters: Matthew O'Neill, Associate Director, Global Client Relations at Educational Testing Service; David Kirschner, Associate Dean of Admissions and Financial Aid, USC Gould School of Law; and Danae A. McElroy, Director of Admissions, UCLA School of Law
Concurrent Session II: The Ins and Outs of the Uniform Bar Examination: How to Educate and Counsel Students on the Pros and Cons of Attending Law School in UBE vs. Non-UBE Jurisdictions
Panelists will define and explain the UBE, give a history of its rapid growth, and discuss how to counsel pre-law students on the differences in attending law school in a UBE vs. Non-UBE jurisdiction. Over the past five years, the group of UBE jurisdictions has grown from 14 to more than 30, including New York and the entire Mountain West except for California and Nevada.
Presenters: Mimi Huang, Assistant Dean of Admissions, Lewis & Clark Law School; Devra Hermosilla, Assistant Dean of Career Services at Lewis & Clark Law School; and Denee Page, Assistant Dean of Enrollment Management at Syracuse University College of Law
2:45 pm – 3:45 pm
Concurrent Session I: So You Want To Be a Public Interest Lawyer: Supporting Applicants with Public Service Goals
Many prospective law students hope to work for social change, in politics or government, or cite the goal of “helping people” as a top motivator. What do these applicants need to consider, especially given the amount of debt they may take on to pursue this passion? Can students rely on Public Service Loan Forgiveness? This session explores how to support students’ aspirations and give them the information they will need to flourish as they choose whether law school is right, where to apply, how much to borrow, and the career path they’ll follow. Bring your own questions, favorite resources, and strategies to share.
Presenters: Sarah Arslanian, Manager, Pre-Law Services, AccessLex Institute; Kristi Denney, Director of the Pre-Law Resource Center, Washington State University; and Natasha Richmond, Associate Director of Admissions, Lewis & Clark Law School
Concurrent Session II: Diversity Pathway to Law Partnership Models
This workshop will discuss Pathway to Law programs designed to increase diversity in the field of law. Discussion will include types of activities, partnerships, and campus support recommended for successful implementation of programs.
Presenters: Marian Carrasco Nungaray, University Transfer Center Coordinator, Ventura College; Pearl Urena, Pre-Law Educational Advisor, Bakersfield College; and Steven McCarty, Associate Professor of Business Law and Co-Director, Pathway to Law Program, San Joaquin Delta College
Plenary Session: Pathways to Law School for Native American Applicants
In this session, we will identify some of the paths that Native American/American Indian/Indigenous pre-law students and college graduates may take to - and through - the law school admissions process. We will briefly look at the current state of the pipeline for Native students into law school and consider particular distinctions in how these individuals may arrive at their decision to apply to law school. Next, we will explore strategies that advisors might use to engage/encourage those considering law school and assist them in crafting the strongest possible application. Finally, we will highlight existing programs that pre-law advisors or law admissions professionals may direct prospective Native American/American Indian/Indigenous applicants towards for more information and support.
Presenter: Kristin Theis-Alvarez, Assistant Dean, Admissions and Financial Aid, University of California, Berkeley School of Law
1:30 pm – 2:30 pm
Concurrent Session I: Getting the Know the GRE® General Test
As the legal community innovates their admissions processes and more law schools accept GRE® scores to meet their evolving needs, pre-law students need guidance on how they can leverage their GRE scores and gain access to legal education. This session will help advance the understanding of the GRE General Test and how GRE scores are being used for law school admissions to foster diverse backgrounds to improve the legal profession. The discussion will review what the test measures, resources available to advise students, and the tools available for potential candidates to prepare for the GRE General Test.
Presenters: Matthew O'Neill, Associate Director, Global Client Relations at Educational Testing Service; David Kirschner, Associate Dean of Admissions and Financial Aid, USC Gould School of Law; and Danae A. McElroy, Director of Admissions, UCLA School of Law
Concurrent Session II: The Ins and Outs of the Uniform Bar Examination: How to Educate and Counsel Students on the Pros and Cons of Attending Law School in UBE vs. Non-UBE Jurisdictions
Panelists will define and explain the UBE, give a history of its rapid growth, and discuss how to counsel pre-law students on the differences in attending law school in a UBE vs. Non-UBE jurisdiction. Over the past five years, the group of UBE jurisdictions has grown from 14 to more than 30, including New York and the entire Mountain West except for California and Nevada.
Presenters: Mimi Huang, Assistant Dean of Admissions, Lewis & Clark Law School; Devra Hermosilla, Assistant Dean of Career Services at Lewis & Clark Law School; and Denee Page, Assistant Dean of Enrollment Management at Syracuse University College of Law
2:45 pm – 3:45 pm
Concurrent Session I: So You Want To Be a Public Interest Lawyer: Supporting Applicants with Public Service Goals
Many prospective law students hope to work for social change, in politics or government, or cite the goal of “helping people” as a top motivator. What do these applicants need to consider, especially given the amount of debt they may take on to pursue this passion? Can students rely on Public Service Loan Forgiveness? This session explores how to support students’ aspirations and give them the information they will need to flourish as they choose whether law school is right, where to apply, how much to borrow, and the career path they’ll follow. Bring your own questions, favorite resources, and strategies to share.
Presenters: Sarah Arslanian, Manager, Pre-Law Services, AccessLex Institute; Kristi Denney, Director of the Pre-Law Resource Center, Washington State University; and Natasha Richmond, Associate Director of Admissions, Lewis & Clark Law School
Concurrent Session II: Diversity Pathway to Law Partnership Models
This workshop will discuss Pathway to Law programs designed to increase diversity in the field of law. Discussion will include types of activities, partnerships, and campus support recommended for successful implementation of programs.
Presenters: Marian Carrasco Nungaray, University Transfer Center Coordinator, Ventura College; Pearl Urena, Pre-Law Educational Advisor, Bakersfield College; and Steven McCarty, Associate Professor of Business Law and Co-Director, Pathway to Law Program, San Joaquin Delta College
Friday, June 7, 2019 – Willamette University College of Law, Salem, OR
11:00 am – 12:00 pm
Plenary Session: Addressing Mental Health Issues in Pre-Law Advisees
An increasing number of students are either entering law school with pre-existing mental health conditions, or acquiring them while in law school. Often, the fear that mental health conditions may have negative implications for their academic and professional lives prevents students from seeking help. This session will provide a brief overview of national mental health statistics for undergraduates, introduce pre-law advisors to the ABA Substance Abuse and Mental Health Toolkit, discuss the importance of learning to manage health issues early, and explore state Bar application questions as they relate to applicants’ readiness for practice. The session will include ample time to discuss how to incorporate this information into pre-law advising.
Presenter: Martha Kirby, Senior Academic Advisor, University of Iowa
1:45 pm – 2:45 pm
Concurrent Session I: Legal Aid Internships and Clinics, Pre-Law Student Learning, and the Justice Gap
For the last few years, undergraduate students at CSU, Monterey Bay have had the opportunity to participate in a Legal Aid Internship course developed in partnership with several civil legal aid organizations in the local community. Similarly, for nearly fifty years, undergraduate students at CSU, Chico have had the opportunity to participate in an on-campus legal clinic. This presentation explores the origins and designs of both programs, the effects of these types of programs on pre-law student learning, and the impact of these programs on closing the significant justice gap in local communities. The panelists will also discuss what these programs suggest about the kind of training pre-law students need and how undergraduate programs can prepare students for making good decisions about whether to pursue careers in the law.
Presenters: David Reichard, Professor of History and Legal Studies, CSU, Monterey Bay and Mahalley Allen, Professor of Political Science and Legal Studies Program Coordinator, CSU, Chico
Concurrent Session II: Forward Thinking: Anticipating Application Questions and Reviewing Rules Carefully
All too often in the Misconduct and Irregularity Committee meetings, law school representatives lament that cases brought before the committee could have been easily avoided with a few more brief moments of careful reading. In this presentation, we hope to share examples of the subtle but important differences in application questions from school to school, as well as the never to be understated value in carefully reading and re-reading every rule an applicant encounters from taking the LSAT to requesting letters of recommendation. We also plan to share straightforward facts about the consequences that can result from misreading (or failing to read at all) these questions and rules as a student moves through the law school application process.
Presenters: Iris Fugate, Assistant Director of Admissions, California Western School of Law, and Sarah Keiski, Assistant Dean of Admissions, University of Oregon School of Law
3:00 pm – 4:00 pm
Concurrent Session I: Testing, Testing, 1, 2, 3 …
With multiple admissions testing options, the law school application process has become more complicated than ever. With all law schools accepting the LSAT, 30+ accepting the GRE, 2 accepting the GMAT and the ABA considering a "test optional" policy, how can advisors "unmuddy the waters" for advisees? What are the differences in the tests? Which test (or tests) should you advise students take, and in which circumstances? Do we expect major adoption of LSAT alternatives for the next admissions cycle? We'll review the results of a survey of law school admissions officers to give you tangible advice for your students applying to law school in the near term.
Presenter: Jay Thomas, Executive Director, Partnerships and Programs, Kaplan Test Prep
Concurrent Session II: How to Create a Faculty Road Map for Successful Pre-Law Programs
In this panel, new and more experienced pre-law advisors share their knowledge and experiences of developing and running successful pre-law programs. Panelists will discuss a variety of topics, including ideas and best practices for successful pre-law programs, undergraduate course development, how to do pre-law advising in a broader teacher-scholar model, how to become acculturated into the pre-law and law school environment, and institutional expectations for pre-law advising.
Presenters: M. Blake Wilson, Assistant Professor and Pre-Law Advisor, California State University, Stanislaus; Jason Whitehead, Associate Professor and Pre-Law Advisor, California State University, Long Beach; and Jeanine Kraybill, Assistant Professor and Pre-Law Advisor, California State University, Bakersfield
Plenary Session: Addressing Mental Health Issues in Pre-Law Advisees
An increasing number of students are either entering law school with pre-existing mental health conditions, or acquiring them while in law school. Often, the fear that mental health conditions may have negative implications for their academic and professional lives prevents students from seeking help. This session will provide a brief overview of national mental health statistics for undergraduates, introduce pre-law advisors to the ABA Substance Abuse and Mental Health Toolkit, discuss the importance of learning to manage health issues early, and explore state Bar application questions as they relate to applicants’ readiness for practice. The session will include ample time to discuss how to incorporate this information into pre-law advising.
Presenter: Martha Kirby, Senior Academic Advisor, University of Iowa
1:45 pm – 2:45 pm
Concurrent Session I: Legal Aid Internships and Clinics, Pre-Law Student Learning, and the Justice Gap
For the last few years, undergraduate students at CSU, Monterey Bay have had the opportunity to participate in a Legal Aid Internship course developed in partnership with several civil legal aid organizations in the local community. Similarly, for nearly fifty years, undergraduate students at CSU, Chico have had the opportunity to participate in an on-campus legal clinic. This presentation explores the origins and designs of both programs, the effects of these types of programs on pre-law student learning, and the impact of these programs on closing the significant justice gap in local communities. The panelists will also discuss what these programs suggest about the kind of training pre-law students need and how undergraduate programs can prepare students for making good decisions about whether to pursue careers in the law.
Presenters: David Reichard, Professor of History and Legal Studies, CSU, Monterey Bay and Mahalley Allen, Professor of Political Science and Legal Studies Program Coordinator, CSU, Chico
Concurrent Session II: Forward Thinking: Anticipating Application Questions and Reviewing Rules Carefully
All too often in the Misconduct and Irregularity Committee meetings, law school representatives lament that cases brought before the committee could have been easily avoided with a few more brief moments of careful reading. In this presentation, we hope to share examples of the subtle but important differences in application questions from school to school, as well as the never to be understated value in carefully reading and re-reading every rule an applicant encounters from taking the LSAT to requesting letters of recommendation. We also plan to share straightforward facts about the consequences that can result from misreading (or failing to read at all) these questions and rules as a student moves through the law school application process.
Presenters: Iris Fugate, Assistant Director of Admissions, California Western School of Law, and Sarah Keiski, Assistant Dean of Admissions, University of Oregon School of Law
3:00 pm – 4:00 pm
Concurrent Session I: Testing, Testing, 1, 2, 3 …
With multiple admissions testing options, the law school application process has become more complicated than ever. With all law schools accepting the LSAT, 30+ accepting the GRE, 2 accepting the GMAT and the ABA considering a "test optional" policy, how can advisors "unmuddy the waters" for advisees? What are the differences in the tests? Which test (or tests) should you advise students take, and in which circumstances? Do we expect major adoption of LSAT alternatives for the next admissions cycle? We'll review the results of a survey of law school admissions officers to give you tangible advice for your students applying to law school in the near term.
Presenter: Jay Thomas, Executive Director, Partnerships and Programs, Kaplan Test Prep
Concurrent Session II: How to Create a Faculty Road Map for Successful Pre-Law Programs
In this panel, new and more experienced pre-law advisors share their knowledge and experiences of developing and running successful pre-law programs. Panelists will discuss a variety of topics, including ideas and best practices for successful pre-law programs, undergraduate course development, how to do pre-law advising in a broader teacher-scholar model, how to become acculturated into the pre-law and law school environment, and institutional expectations for pre-law advising.
Presenters: M. Blake Wilson, Assistant Professor and Pre-Law Advisor, California State University, Stanislaus; Jason Whitehead, Associate Professor and Pre-Law Advisor, California State University, Long Beach; and Jeanine Kraybill, Assistant Professor and Pre-Law Advisor, California State University, Bakersfield
